天津市印刷厂

纸品包装印刷工艺

Paper packaging printing process

2.1.印刷方法

2.1. printing method

纸包装印刷的方法有很多种，方法不同，操作也不同，印出的效果也不同。传统使用的印刷方法主要分为以下四类：

There are many ways of paper packaging printing, different methods, different operations, and printing effect is also different. The traditional printing methods are mainly divided into four categories.

（1）凸版印刷

(1) letterpress printing

凸版印刷是指印版上的图文部分高于非图文部分，墨辊上的油墨只能转移到印版的图文部分，而非图文部分则没有油墨，从而完成印刷品的印刷。

The letterpress is printed in the printing plate, which is higher than the non graphic part, and the ink on the ink roll can only be transferred to the graphic part of the plate, but not the ink in the graphic part, thus completing the printing of the printed matter.

凡是印刷品的纸背有轻微印痕凸起，线条或网点边缘部分整齐，并且印墨在中心部分显得浅淡的，则是凸版印刷品。

The printed paper has a slight imprint on the back of the print, the line or the edge of the dot is neat, and the ink is shallow in the central part, and it is a protruding print.

（2）凹版印刷

(2) intaglio printing

与凸版印刷相反，印版的图文部分低于非图文部分，形成凹槽状。油墨只覆于凹槽内，印版表面没有油墨，将纸张覆在印版上部，印版和纸张通过加压，将油墨从印版凹下的部分传送到纸张上。

Contrary to letterpress, the graphic part of the printing plate is lower than the non graphic part, forming a groove. The ink is covered only in the groove, the printing plate has no ink on the surface, and the paper is overlaid on the plate. The printing plate and the paper are pressurized to transfer the ink from the concave part of the plate to the paper.

凹版印刷的印制品，具有墨层厚实、颜色鲜艳，并且印版具有耐印率高、印品质量稳定、印刷速度快等优点，所以在实际中得到了广泛应用。

Intaglio printing products, with thick ink layer, bright color, and printing plate with high printing rate, printing quality, fast printing speed and so on, so it has been widely used in practice.

（3）平版印刷

(3) lithography

印版的图文部分和非图文部分保持表面相平，图文部分覆一层富有油脂的油膜，而非图文部分则吸收适当水分。上油墨时，图文部分排斥水分而吸收油墨，非图文部分因吸收了水分而形成抗墨作用。

The graphic part and the non graphic part of the printing plate are kept flat, and the picture part is covered with a rich oil film. Instead of the picture part, it absorbs proper moisture. When printing ink, the picture and text part repels moisture and absorbs ink, and the non graphic part will form ink resistance because of absorbing moisture.

提示：由于平版印刷的方法在工作中简单，成本低廉，所以成为现在印刷上使用最多的方法。

Hint: because the method of lithography is simple and cheap, it has become the most widely used method in printing now.

（4）丝网印刷

(4) silk screen printing

丝网印刷是指在刮板挤压作用下，油墨从图文部分的网孔中漏到承印物上，而非图文部分的丝网网孔被堵塞，油墨不能漏至承印物上，从而完成印刷品的印刷。

Screen printing means that under the effect of the scraper extrusion, the ink is leaked from the mesh of the graphic part of the mesh, but the screen mesh of the screen is blocked, and the ink can not be leaked to the printed material to complete the printing of the printed matter.

提示：丝网印刷还可以进行大面积印刷，印刷产品最大幅度可达3米×4米，甚至更大。

Hints: screen printing can also be used for large area printing, printing products can reach 3 meters, 4 meters, or even bigger.